Neo-ascetics

An all-encompassing term to include the following:


 * neo-Platonists
 * neo-Gnostics
 * neo-Manicheans
 * neo-Zorastrians

Actually, not everyone in these movements totally oppose the manifested (material) plane/realm of existence, or even physical human life (the body), but it is important to note that in general, their philosophy(-ies) support(s) total abstraction/spirituality and non-human (or at least non-physical) spiritual beings as being superior to material human interests, at least in this life (on Earth).

It should also be noted that these mystical movements had very strong influences on early Christianity and Islam.